黃河上游大淡水湖——扎陵湖

2014-08-29 08:30

來源:大西北網綜合作者:佚名點擊:次

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扎陵湖是黃河上游大淡水湖。又稱“查靈海”.藏語意為白色長湖。位于青海高原瑪多縣西部構造凹地內，居鄂陵湖西側。

扎陵湖與鄂陵湖同為黃河上游最大的一對淡水湖，又稱“查靈海”,藏語意為白色長湖。位于青海高原瑪多縣西部構造凹地內，居鄂陵湖西側。湖面海拔4294米，東西長35公里，南北寬21.6公里。面積526平方公里，水深平均8.9米，最深處在湖心偏東北一側，蓄水量46億立方米。納卡日曲與約古宗列渠（藏名瑪曲）匯成之黃河。自西南一隅流入，由東南一隅流出，湖心偏南為黃河主流線。黃河攜帶大量泥沙入湖，風浪泛起時湖面呈灰白色，故有白色長湖之稱。湖中多浮游植物，魚類資源豐富，與鄂陵湖同為青海水產捕撈基地之一。湖西部距黃河入湖處不遠有3小島，夏季大群候鳥聚居，也稱鳥島。湖濱多為亞高山草甸，為重要牧場。

扎陵湖呈不對稱的菱形，東西長，南北窄，鄂陵湖與扎陵湖由一天然堤相隔，形似蝴蝶。東西長35公里，南北寬21.6公里，面積526平方公里，平均水深8.9米，蓄水量達46.7億立方米。湖的東北部較深，最大水深13.1米；西部較淺，水深一般只有1——2米，最淺處只有幾十厘米。底質為礫砂石。

(責任編輯：鄭文)

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